Undefined behaviour can be dangerous.

(Not) detecting bugs

by Andrzej Krzemieński

From the article:

The following code contains a bug. A developer has spent quite some time looking for the source. The intent of this code is to iterate over two vectors simultaneously, from the first up to the one-before-last element. Thus the most interesting tools that will be employed will be boost::zip_iterator and std::prev.

#include <boost/iterator/zip_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>
#include <vector>

using zip_iter = boost::zip_iterator<
                   boost::tuple<
                     std::vector<int>::iterator,
                     std::vector<int>::iterator
                   >
                 >;
int main()
{
  std::vector<int> v1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 0};
  std::vector<int> v2 = {2, 3, 5, 7, 0};
    
  zip_iter beg {boost::make_tuple(v1.begin(), v2.begin())};
  zip_iter end {boost::make_tuple(v1.end(), v2.end())};
  
  auto process = [](zip_iter::reference){};
  std::for_each(beg, std::prev(end), process);
}